TODAY IN HISTORY 23rd july

EVENTS

1945 - A B-25 bomber crashes into the Empire State Building killing 14 poeple
636 - Arabs gain control of most of Palestine from Byzantine Empire
685 - John V begins his reign as Catholic Pope
1148 - Crusaders attack Damascus
1215 - Frederik II crowns himself Roman Catholic king
1253 - Jews are expelled from Vienne France by order of Pope Innocent IV
1298 - Rindfleisch Persecutions - Jewish community in Wurzburg Germany massacred
1431 - G Cesarini opens Counsil of Basel (Ferrara/Florence)
1453 - Battle at Gavere: Philip the Good beats Gentse rebellion
1532 - Emperor Charles V and the Schmalkaldic League sign Peace of Nuremberg
1540 - Turkey recognizes Janos Sigismund Zapolyai as vassal-king of Hungary
1558 - Battle of Grevelingen: Gen/earl Lamoraal of Egmont beat France
1572 - William of Orange's troops occupy Roermond on the Spanjaarden
1594 - Groningen surrenders to earl Mauritius/Willem Louis
1599 - Caravaggio's 1st public commission for paintings
1632 - Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe, France.
1645 - Aleksei Mihailovitch Romanov succeeds his father Michael as czar
1664 - 4 British ships to drive Dutch out of NY, arrive in Boston
United States Founding Father Benjamin Franklin1726 - Benjamin Franklin sails back to Philadelphia
1745 - Charles Stuart, the Younger, lands at Eriskay Island, Hebrides
1764 - James Otis publishes views on taxation without representation
1793 - The Prussians conquer Mayence.
1798 - Napoleon captures Alexandria, Egypt
1803 - Robert Emmett leads rebellion in Dublin
1812 - Battle of Mogilev Russia-Napolean fights Czar Alexander I
1827 - 1st US swimming school opens (Boston Mass)
1829 - William Austin Burt patents "typographer" (typewriter)
1833 - Cornerstones are laid for the construction of the Kirtland Temple in Kirtland, Ohio.
French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte1834 - HMS Beagle anchors in Bay of Valparaiso
1840 - Union Act passed by British Parliament, uniting Upper & Lower Canada
1848 - Battle of Custoza-Italian War of Independence, starts
1850 - 17th Postmaster General: Nathan K Hall of NY takes office
1851 - Treaty of Traverse des Sioux signed by Sioux Indians & US
1852 - 1st interment in US National Cemetery at Presidio
1858 - Jewish Disabilities Removal Act passed by British Parliament
1863 - Alexandra Park opens in North London
1864 - Battle of Woodstock, VA
1866 - Cincinnati Baseball club (Red Stockings) forms
1870 - Emperor Napoleon III appoints Empress Eugenie as Regent of France
1874 - Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa.
1877 - 1st US municipal railroad, Cincinnati Southern, begins operations
1877 - 1st telephone & telegraph line in Hawaii completed
1880 - 1st commercial hydroelectric power planet begins, Grand Rapids, Michigan
1886 - Steve Brodie supposedly survives plunge from Brooklyn Bridge
1888 - John Boyd Dunlop applies to patent pneumatic tire
1890 - Jack Barrett carries his cricket bat for Australia at Lord's (67)
1890 - 14th Wimbledon Mens Tennis: Willoughby Hamilton beats W Renshaw (6-8 6-2 3-6 6-1 6-1)
1900 - Pan-African Congress meets in London
1900 - The Canadian government reviews immigration policy, prohibiting criminals and paupers from landing in Canada
1904 - Ice cream cone created by Charles E Menches during La Purchase Expo
1906 - Pogroms against Jews in Oddessa
1907 - 7th Davis Cup: Australasia beats British Isles in Wimbledon (3-2)
1913 - Arabs attack Jewish community of Rechovot Palestine
1914 - Austria-Hungary issues ultimatum to Serbia leading to WW I
1917 - Cleveland Metropolitan Park District establishes
1920 - British East Africa renamed Kenya & becomes a British crown colony
1921 - Chinese communist party forms under guidance of Henk Sneevliet
1921 - Edward Gourdin of US sets long jump record at 25' 2 3/4"
Baseball Player Lou Gehrig1925 - NY Yankee Lou Gehrig hits his 1st of 23 career grand slammers
1926 - Belgian NMBS/SNCFB forms
1926 - French government of Poincaré forms
1929 - The Fascist government in Italy bans the use of foreign words.
1930 - Earthquake strikes Ariano Italy, 1,500 killed
1930 - Pitts Pie Traynor ends both games with HRs (1st in 9th, 2nd in 13th)
1931 - Ashmore & Cartier Is in Indian Ocean transferred to Australia
1931 - France announces it can't afford to send a team to 1932 LA olympics
1934 - Bradman completes 304 at Headingley, 430 mins, 43 fours 2 sixes
1936 - Anthony M Kennedy, Sacramento CA, Supreme Court Justice
1937 - Isolation of pituitary hormone announced (Yale University)
1938 - Bradman scores 103 in 178 mins on a Headingley sticky, 3rd Test
1940 - "Blitz" all-night air raid by German bombers on London begins
1942 - German troops conquer Rostow
Dictator of Nazi GermanyAdolf Hitler1942 - Hitler's Directive #45: order to occupy Stalingrad
1942 - Treblinka Concentration Camp destroyed
1942 - World War II: Operation Edelweiss (a German plan to gain control over the Caucasus) begins.
1943 - Battle of Koersk, USSR ends in Nazi defeat (6,000 tanks)
1943 - US 45th Infantry division occupies north coast of Termini
1944 - Chicago Cubs Bill Nicholson hits 4 HRs in a doubleheader
1944 - Conference of Bretton Woods signed; IMF operations begin
1944 - Soviet Army marches into Lublin Poland
1944 - US forces invade Japanese-held Tinian in WW II
1944 - US troops occupy Pisa Italy
1945 - Marshal Henri Pétain, leader Vichy-regime, goes on trial
Israeli Prime MinisterMenachem Begin1946 - Menachem Begin's Zionist militant group Irgun bombs the King David Hotel, the then British administrative headquarters for Palestine
1947 - 1st (US Navy) air squadron of jets, Quonset Point, RI
1948 - Progressive party convention nominates Henry Wallace for President
1949 - Test Cricket debut of Brian Close aged 18 years 149 days
1952 - General Neguib seizes power, Monarchy overthrown in Egypt (Natl Day)
1955 - NY Yankees Bob Cerv & E Howard are 1st to hit consecutive pinch HRs
1956 - Bell X-2 rocket plane sets world aircraft speed record of 3,050 kph
Baseball Player Hank Greenberg1956 - Joe Cronin & Hank Greenberg inducted into Baseball Hall of Fame
1956 - The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French overseas territory affairs.
1958 - 1st 4 women named to peerage in House of Lords
1959 - VP Richard Nixon begins visit on USSR
1960 - 15th US Women's Open Golf Championship won by Betsy Rawls
1961 - Betsy Rawls wins LPGA Cosmopolitan Golf Open
1961 - Bricusse & Newley's musical "Stop the world I want to ..." premieres
1962 - The International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos is signed.
37th US President Richard Nixon1964 - As' Bert Campaneris HRs on 1st pitch, hits a 2nd HR on 2nd at bat
1964 - Egyptian munition ship "Star of Alexandria" explodes at dockside in Bone, Algeria. 100 die, 160 injured, $20 million damage

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Famous Birthdays

Birthdays 1 - 100 of 241

645 - Yazid I, Sixth caliph of Islam (d. 683)
1301 - Duke Otto of Austria (d. 1339)
1339 - Louis I, Duke of Anjou/King of Naples (Battle at Poitiers)
1401 - Francesco Sfoza, soldier
1503 - Anna Jagello, Queen of the Romans (d. 1547)
1659 - Antonius Schultingh, [Schultingius], Dutch lawyer
1705 - Francis Blomefield, English topographer (d. 1752)
1734 - Antonio Maria Gasparo Sacchini, opera composer [or Jun 14 1730]
1735 - Johannes Herbst, composer
1769 - Alexey Nikolayevich Titov, composer
1773 - Karl Ludwig Hellwig, composer
1775 - Francois-Eugene Vidocq, French criminal and police detective
1775 - Etienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (d. 1812)
1777 - Philipp Otto Runge, German painter (d. 1810)
1793 - Joseph Hartmann Stuntz, composer
1796 - Franz Adolf Berwald, Sweden, composer
1803 - Johann Vesque von Puttlingen, composer
1806 - Eduard Marxsen, composer
1816 - Charlotte Sanders Cushman, US, actress (Lady MacBeth)
1822 - Darius Nash Couch, Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1897
1823 - Coventry Kersey Dighton Patmore, English poet
1824 - Gabriel Colvin Wharton, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1906
1825 - Richard Hol, Dutch composer/organist/conductor
1827 - Pieter Caland, Dutch hydraulic engineer (New Waterway)
1828 - Jonathan Hutchinson, surgeon/scientist
1834 - James "Cardinal" Gibbons, archbishop of Baltimore
1838 - Edouard [Judas] Colonne, composer/violinist
1841 - Edward John Armstrong, poet
1849 - Geza Zichy, composer
1851 - Charles Bannerman, Aussie cricket batsman (1st centurion)
1853 - William H Gillette, actor (Sherlock Holmes on stage)
1856 - Arthur H Bird, composer
1856 - Bal Gangadhar Tilak, British-Indian Hindi leader
1857 - French [M J Francois] Erens, lawyer/literary (Pursue Years)
1861 - Alexander W F Idenburg, gov-gen of Neth Indies (1909-16)
1864 - Apolinario Mabini, Filipino political theoretician and Prime Minister (d. 1903)
1865 - Friedrich Aereboe, landhuishoudkundige
1865 - Max Heindel, Danish Christian occultist, astrologer, and mystic (d. 1919)
1866 - Francesco Cilea, composer
1876 - William Gillies Whittaker, composer
1883 - Alan Francis Brooke, 1st viscount Alanbrooke fieldmarshal [or Jul 4]
1884 - Albert Warner, US producer (Warner Bros)
1884 - Apolinary Szeluto, composer
1884 - Emil Jannings, Germany, actor (Faust, Passion, Blue Angel)
1886 - Arthur Whitten Brown, aviator
1886 - John C Poortenaar, painter/etcher/cartoonist
1886 - Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo, writer/diplomat
1886 - Walter H. Schottky, German physicist (d. 1976)
1888 - Raymond Chandler, Chic, mystery writer (Farewell My Lovely)
1888 - Gluyas Williams, SF, cartoonist (Fellows Citizen)
1888 - Milan Stoyadinovich, Serbia, fascist Yugoslavia PM (1935-39)
1891 - Maurus H Hulsman, Dutch priest/editor (Amigoe di Curacao)
1892 - Haile Selassie, [Ras Tafari Makonnen], emperor of Ethiopia (1930-74)
1892 - Petros John Petridis, composer
1893 - Karl Menninger, psychiatrist (Menninger Clinic)
1894 - Arthur Treacher, Brighton England, announcer (Merv Griffin Show)
1895 - Florence Vidor, [Arto], Houston Texas, actress (Jack Knife Man)
1895 - Aileen Pringle, American actress (d. 1989)
1898 - Mervyn "Red" Dutton, Manitoba, 2nd NHL pres (1943-46)
1898 - Jacob Marschak, American economist (d. 1977)
1899 - Gustav Heinemann, President of West Germany
1901 - Hank Worden, American actor and rodeo cowboy (d. 1992)
1902 - Walter Burle Marx, composer
1904 - Adone Zecchi, composer
1905 - Erich Itor Kahn, composer
1906 - Clancy Cooper, actress (Enchanted Forest, Girls in Chains)
1906 - Wolfgang Gentner, German nuclear physicist
1906 - Chandrasekhar Azad, Indian revolutionary (d. 1931)
1907 - Elspeth Josceline Huxley, English author
1908 - Karl Swenson, Brooklyn New York, American actor (Lara-Little House on the Prairie)
1910 - Pimen, [Sergei Irzjekov], patriarch Russian-Orthodox Cathederal
1912 - Michael Wilding, England, actor (Courtney Affair, World of Suzie Wong)
1913 - Coral Browne, Melbourne Aust, actress (Margaret-Time Express)
1913 - Michael Foot, MP
1914 - Alastair Down, CEO (Burmah Oil)
1916 - Ben Weber, St Louis Missouri, composer (Thorne Music Award-1965)
1916 - Ronald Ridout, school textbook author
1917 - Charles Kerruish, president (Tyndwald Isle of Man)
1917 - John Stokes, MP
1917 - Kurt Kreuger, St Moritz Switz, actor (Fear, Unfaithfully Yours)
1918 - Bueno de Mesquita Dutch comedian and actor (d. 2005)
1918 - Pee Wee Reese, American baseball player (d. 1999)
1919 - [Harold] Pee Wee Reese, Hall of Fame shortstop (Dodgers)
1920 - Malcolm Hughes, artist
1920 - Marcel Maeyer, [de Maeyer], Belgian sculptor/graphic artist
1920 - Amalia Rodrigues, Portuguese fado singer (d. 1999)
1921 - Calvert DeForest, Brooklyn NY, comedian (Larry "Bud" Melman)
1921 - David Lawmn, CEO (Prestige Group)
1921 - Harry Hookway, pro-chancellor (Loughborough University)
1921 - Heinz Bennent, Aachen Germany, Actor (Possession)
1921 - Jerome Rosen, composer
1921 - Peter Twiss, test pilot
1922 - Moses Rosen, chief Rabbi of Romania
1923 - Luis Aloma, Cuban baseball player (d. 1997)
1923 - Cyril M. Kornbluth, American writer (d. 1958)
1923 - Amalia Mendoza, Mexican singer (d. 2001)
1924 - Betsy Haworth, deacon/minister
1924 - Gavin Lambert, British-born screenwriter (d. 2005)
1925 - Donna Anderson, Akiak AK, actress (On the Beach
1925 - Gloria De Haven, LA, actress (Bog, Yellow Cab Man, Irene-Nakia)

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Famous Weddings

Weddings 1 - 4 of 4

Golfer Jack Nicklaus (1960)1960 - Professional golfer Jack Nicklaus (20) weds Barbara Bash
1986 - Britain's Prince Andrew (26) weds Sarah Ferguson (26) at Westminster Abbey in London, England
2006 - "The Young and The Restless" actor John Enos (44) weds Disney executive Jennie Lee on the patio of Hollywood hotspot The Cabana Club
2011 - "Pittsburgh Steelers" quarterback Ben Roethlisberger (29) weds Ashley Harlan at Christ Church of Grove Farm in Ohio Township

Famous Deaths

Deaths 1 - 100 of 122

945 - Richarius, bishop of Luik (922-45), dies
1227 - Qiu Chuji, Chinese Taoist (b. 1148)
1373 - Birgitta van Sweden, Swedish saint, dies
1403 - Henry Percy, [Harry Hotspur], killed in battle at 39
1403 - Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (executed) (b. 1343)
1531 - Louis de Brézé, seigneur d'Anet, Marshal of Normandy and husband of Diane de Poitiers
1568 - Don Carlos, son of Spanish king Philip II, dies at about 23
1581 - Georges Lalaing, viceroy of Friesland, dies
1584 - John Day, English printer (b. 1522)
1645 - Michael Fjodorovitsj, tsar of Russia (1613-45)/1st Romanov, dies
1685 - Pietro Reggio, composer, dies at 53
1690 - Richard Gibson, minature painter, dies
1692 - Gilles Ménage, French scholar (b. 1613)
1727 - Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain
1757 - Giuseppe Domenico Scarlatti, Italian composer (La Silvia), dies at 71
1764 - Gilbert Tennent, Irish-born religious leader (b. 1703)
1773 - George Edwards, English naturalist (b. 1693)
1781 - John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-born Continental Congressman (b. 1724)
1793 - Thomas Mckean, US attorney/signer (Decl of Independence), dies at 72
1803 - Arthur Wolfe, 1st viscount Kilwarden/Chief Justice of Ireld, murdered
1816 - Elizabeth Hamilton, author (Cats: A Celebration), dies at 68
1829 - Wojciech Boguslawski, composer, dies at 72
1840 - Frantisek Max Knize, composer, dies at 55
1844 - Christian Gobrecht, 4th US chief engraver (1840-44), dies in office
1853 - Andries Pretorius, Boer leader (b. 1798)
1866 - Thomas Forbes Walmisley, composer, dies at 83
1875 - Isaac Merritt Singer, inventor (sewing machine), dies at 63
1878 - Miguel Hilarion Eslava y Elizondo, composer, dies at 70
1878 - Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, Bohemian physician (b. 1804)
US President & Union GeneralUlysses S. Grant (1885)1885 - Ulysses S. Grant, 18th US President (1869-77) and Union general, dies of esophageal cancer in Mount McGregor NY at 63
1904 - John Simon, public health pioneer, dies
1905 - Jean-Jacques, painter, dies
1909 - Ernest F Cambier, Bel colonial pioneer (1st Congo railway), dies at 65
1909 - Zygmunt Noskowski, composer, dies at 63
1916 - William Ramsey, chemist, dies
1920 - Conrad Kohrs, German-born rancher (b. 1835)
1924 - Frank Frost Abbott, American classical scholar (b. 1850)
1927 - Saad Zaghlul, Egyptian parliament chairman, dies at 74
1930 - Glenn Hammond Curtiss, aviation pioneer/airplane builder, dies at 52
1932 - Tenby Davies, Welsh half-mile world champion runner (b. 1884)
1933 - Max Schillings, German composer/conductor (Mona Lisa), dies at 65
1942 - Andrew Ducat, cricketer (England 1921), dies whilst batting at 56
1942 - Nikola J Vaptsarov, Bulgaria poet/communist, executed at 32
1942 - Adam Czerniakow, Polish engineer (suicide) (b. 1880)
1943 - Emanuel Querido, publisher (Sobibor), dies
1943 - Meijer de Hond, [Emanuel Querido], rabbi (Sobibor), dies
1944 - Bernard M Cohen, attorney, killed at Belsen concentration camp
1944 - Helmuth J von Moltke, German earl (July 20th plotter), executed
1944 - Max HHR Nettlau, Austrian historian (Der Anarchismus), dies at 79
1946 - James Maxton, politician, dies
Film director D. W. Griffith(1948)1948 - D.W. Griffith, American director/producer, dies of cerebral hemorrhage at 73
1951 - Henri Philippe Pétain, French marshal (Verdun/Vichy regime), dies
1951 - Robert Joseph Flaherty, documentary film maker, dies
1955 - Betsy van Es, Flemish actress (Un soir de joie), dies at 55
1955 - Cordell Hull, statesman, dies
1955 - Harry Haden, actor (Harry-Stu Erwin Show), dies at 73
1957 - G Tomasi di Lampedusa, writer, dies at 61
1961 - Esther Dale, actress (Birdie-Ma & Pa Kettle), dies after surgery at 75
1964 - Jan PML de Vries, Dutch germanist/folklorist, dies at 74
1966 - Donald Novis, singer/actor (Pajama Game), dies at 60
1966 - Douglass Montgomery, actor (Forbidden, Daybreak), dies at 56
1966 - [Edward] Montgomery Clift, actor (From Here to Eternity), dies at 45
1968 - Don Lillis, NFL president (NY Jets)
1968 - Henry Hallett Dale, physiologist, dies
1969 - Deli Floyd, writer, dies
1971 - Van Heflin, actor (Great Adventure), dies at 60
1973 - Eddie Rickenbacker, WW I fighter pilot, dies at 82
1973 - Marius-Francois Gaillard, composer, dies at 72
1974 - Mary Forbes, actress (Nun-Les Miserables, Ivy), dies at 90
1976 - Wilhelmina Von Bremen, 4X100 relay sprinter (Oly-gold-32), dies at 64
1977 - René de Vos, Dutch actor/composer (Jij Bent Mijn Leven), dies at 79
1979 - Keith Godchaux, rocker (Grateful Dead), dies in a car accident at 31
1979 - Joseph Kessel, French journalist and novelist (b. 1898)
1980 - Sarto Fournier, Mayor of Montreal (b. 1908)
1980 - Mollie Steimer, anarchist agitator and American political prisoner (b. 1897)
1982 - Vic Morrow, actor (Cimmaron), killed during "Twilight Zone" at 53
1982 - Betty Parsons, American artist and art dealer (b. 1900)
1983 - Georges Auric, French composer (It Always Rains on Sunday), dies at 84
1984 - Lloyd Gough, actor (Black Bart, Tolsa), dies of aortic aneurism at 77
1985 - Kay Kyser, bandleader (Kay Kyser's Kollege), dies at 79
1985 - Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (b. 1923)
1986 - Jouko Paavo Kalervo Tolonen, composer, dies at 73
1988 - Jahangir Khan, cricketer (4 Tests for India 1932-36), dies
1989 - Donald Barthelme, American author (b. 1931)
1990 - Georges Flamant, actor (La Chienne), dies in Paris at 86
1990 - Joe Turner, jazz pianist, dies of cardiac arrest at 82
1990 - Robert Sommer, singer, dies of liver failure at 42
1990 - Kenjiro Takayanagi, Japanese development of television (b. 1899)
1992 - Arletty, French actress (Hotel, Longest Day), dies at 94
1992 - Maxine Audley, Brit actress (Vikings, Our Man in Havana), dies at 69
1993 - James Jordan, father of NBA star Michael Jordan, found dead near McColl SC
1994 - Aad Ivens, Dutch checkers player, dies at 80
1994 - Hans J Salter, Aust/US composer (Deanna-Durbin musicals), dies at 98
1994 - Henry William Collins, artist, dies at 84
1995 - Bob Rundick, poet/DJ, dies at 52
1995 - Floyd McDaniel, blues singer/guitarist, dies at 80
1996 - Aliki Vougiouklaki, actress (Madalena), dies at 63
1996 - Jessica Lucy Mitford, author, dies at 78
1996 - John Corner, scientist, dies at 80
1997 - Andrew Cunanan, serial killer (Gianni Versage), commits suicide