TODAY IN HISTORY

Events

• 390 BC – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia – a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, leading to the subsequent sacking of Rome.
• 362 – Roman–Persian Wars: Emperor Julian arrives at Antioch with a Roman expeditionary force (60,000 men) and stays there for nine months to launch a campaign against the Persian Empire.
• 645 – Chinese forces under general Li Shiji besiege the strategic fortress city of Anshi (Liaoning) during theGoguryeo–Tang War.
• 1290 – King Edward I of England issues the Edict of Expulsion, banishing all Jews (numbering about 16,000) from England; this was Tisha B'Av on the Hebrew calendar, a day that commemorates many Jewish calamities.
• 1334 – The bishop of Florence blesses the first foundation stone for the new campanile (bell tower) of theFlorence Cathedral, designed by the artist Giotto di Bondone.
• 1342 – Mu'izz al-Din Husayn defeats the Sarbadars in the Battle of Zava.
• 1389 – France and England agree to the Truce of Leulinghem, inaugurating a 13-year peace, the longest period of sustained peace during the Hundred Years' War.
• 1391 – Tokhtamysh–Timur war: Battle of the Kondurcha River – Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde in present day southeast Russia.
• 1555 – The College of Arms is reincorporated by Royal charter signed by Queen Mary I of England and King Philip II of Spain.
• 1656 – Polish–Lithuanian forces clash with Sweden and its Brandenburg allies in the start of what becomes known as the Battle of Warsaw which ends in a decisive Swedish victory.
• 1812 – The Treaties of Orebro ends both the Anglo-Russian and Anglo-Swedish Wars.
• 1841 – Coronation of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, on 18 July.
• 1857 – Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall's war against the French.
• 1862 – First ascent of Dent Blanche, one of the highest summits in the Alps.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Wagner – one of the first formal African American military units, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccessful assault on Confederate-held Battery Wagner.
• 1870 – The First Vatican Council decrees the dogma of papal infallibility.
• 1914 – The U.S. Congress forms the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps, giving official status to aircraft within the U.S. Army for the first time.
• 1925 – Adolf Hitler publishes his personal manifesto Mein Kampf.
• 1936 – An army uprising in Spanish Morocco starts Spanish Civil War.
• 1942 – World War II: the Germans test fly the Messerschmitt Me 262 using its jet engines for the first time.
• 1944 – World War II: Hideki Tōjō resigns as Prime Minister of Japan because of numerous setbacks in the war effort.
• 1966 – Human spaceflight: Gemini 10 is launched from Cape Kennedy on a 70-hour mission that includes docking with an orbiting Agena target vehicle.
• 1968 – Intel is founded in Santa Clara, California.
• 1969 – After a party on Chappaquiddick Island, Senator Ted Kennedy from Massachusetts drives an Oldsmobile off a bridge and his passenger, Mary Jo Kopechne, dies.
• 1976 – Nadia Comăneci became the first person in Olympic Games history to score a perfect 10 in gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
• 1982 – 268 campesinos ("peasants" or "country people") are slain in the Plan de Sánchez massacre in Ríos Montt's Guatemala.
• 1984 – McDonald's massacre in San Ysidro, California: in a fast-food restaurant, James Oliver Huberty opens fire, killing 21 people and injuring 19 others before being shot dead by police.
• 1986 – A tornado is broadcast live on KARE television in Minnesota when the station's helicopter pilot makes a chance encounter.
• 1992 – The ten victims of the La Cantuta massacre disappear from their university in Lima.
• 1994 – The bombing of the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (Argentine Jewish Community Center) in Buenos Aires kills 85 people (mostly Jewish) and injures 300.
• 1995 – On the Caribbean island of Montserrat, the Soufrière Hills volcano erupts. Over the course of several years, it devastates the island, destroying the capital and forcing most of the population to flee.
• 1996 – Storms provoke severe flooding on the Saguenay River, beginning one of Quebec's costliest natural disasters ever: the Saguenay Flood.
• 1996 – Battle of Mullaitivu: the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam capture the Sri Lanka Army's base, killing over 1200 soldiers.
• 2012 – At least 7 people are killed and 32 others are injured after a bomb explodes on an Israeli tour bus at Burgas Airport, Bulgaria.
• 2013 – The Government of Detroit, with up to $20 billion in debt, files for the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history.

Births

• 1501 – Isabella of Austria, Queen consort of Sweden (d. 1526)
• 1504 – Heinrich Bullinger, Swiss pastor and reformer (d. 1575)
• 1552 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1612)
• 1634 – Johannes Camphuys, Dutch politician, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1695)
• 1659 – Hyacinthe Rigaud, French painter (d. 1743)
• 1670 – Giovanni Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (d. 1747)
• 1718 – Saverio Bettinelli, Italian poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1808)
• 1720 – Gilbert White, English ornithologist (d. 1793)
• 1724 – Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria (d. 1780)
• 1797 – Immanuel Hermann Fichte, German philosopher (d. 1879)
• 1811 – William Makepeace Thackeray, English author (d. 1863)
• 1818 – Louis Gerhard De Geer, Swedish politician, 1st Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1896)
• 1821 – Pauline Viardot, French soprano and composer (d. 1910)
• 1837 – Vasil Levski, Bulgarian activist (d. 1873)
• 1845 – Tristan Corbière, French poet (d. 1875)
• 1848 – W. G. Grace, English cricketer (d. 1915)
• 1850 – Rose Hartwick Thorpe, American poet (d. 1939)
• 1852 – Anthony Sweijs, Dutch target shooter (d. 1937)
• 1853 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
• 1862 – Nikolai Yudenich, Russian general (d. 1933)
• 1864 – Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1937)
• 1867 – Margaret Brown, American philanthropist and activist (d. 1932)
• 1871 – Sada Yacco, Japanese actress and dancer (d. 1946)
• 1879 – Adolf Spinnler, Swiss gymnast (d. 1951)
• 1881 – Larry McLean, Canadian-American baseball player (d. 1921)
• 1884 – Alberto di Jorio, Italian cardinal (d. 1979)
• 1886 – Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr., American general (d. 1945)
• 1887 – Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian soldier and politician, Minister President of Norway (d. 1945)
• 1889 – Kōichi Kido, Japanese politician, 13th Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan (d. 1977)
• 1890 – Frank Forde, Australian politician, 15th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1983)
• 1892 – Arthur Friedenreich, Brazilian footballer (d. 1969)
• 1895 – Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (d. 1954)
• 1895 – Olga Spessivtseva, Russian ballerina (d. 1991)
• 1897 – Ernest Eldridge, English race car driver (d. 1935)
• 1898 – John Stuart, Scottish actor (d. 1979)
• 1899 – Ernst Scheller, German politician, Mayor of Marburg (d. 1942)
• 1900 – Nathalie Sarraute, French lawyer and author (d. 1999)
• 1902 – Jessamyn West, American author (d. 1984)
• 1903 – Chill Wills, American actor and singer (d. 1978)
• 1906 – S. I. Hayakawa, Canadian-American educator and politician (d. 1992)
• 1906 – Clifford Odets, American director, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1963)
• 1908 – Peace Pilgrim, American activist (d. 1981)
• 1908 – Lupe Vélez, Mexican-American actress and dancer (d. 1944)
• 1909 – Andrei Gromyko, Soviet economist and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Soviet Union (d. 1989)
• 1909 – Mohammed Daoud Khan, Afghan politician, 1st President of Afghanistan (d. 1978)
• 1909 – Harriet Nelson, American singer and actress (d. 1994)
• 1910 – Diptendu Pramanick, Indian businessman (d. 1989)
• 1911 – Hume Cronyn, Canadian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
• 1912 – Max Rousié, French rugby player (d. 1950)
• 1913 – Red Skelton, American actor and singer (d. 1997)
• 1913 – Marvin Miller, American actor (d. 1985)
• 1914 – Gino Bartali, Italian cyclist (d. 2000)
• 1916 – Johnny Hopp, American baseball player (d. 2003)
• 1917 – Henri Salvador, French singer (d. 2008)
• 1918 – Nelson Mandela, South African lawyer and politician, 1st President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
• 1920 – Eric Brandon, English race car driver (d. 1982)
• 1921 – Peter Austin, English brewer, founded Ringwood Brewery (d. 2014)
• 1921 – Aaron T. Beck, American psychiatrist and educator
• 1921 – John Glenn, American colonel, astronaut, and politician
• 1921 – Richard Leacock, English-French director and producer (d. 2011)
• 1922 – Thomas Kuhn, American physicist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1996)
• 1923 – Jerome H. Lemelson, American engineer (d. 1997)
• 1924 – Will D. Campbell, American minister, author, and activist (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Inge Sørensen, Danish swimmer (d. 2011)
• 1925 – Hubert Doggart, English cricketer
• 1925 – Shirley Strickland, Australian runner (d. 2004)
• 1925 – Friedrich Zimmermann, German lawyer and politician, German Federal Minister of the Interior (d. 2012)
• 1926 – Margaret Laurence, Canadian author (d. 1987)
• 1926 – Robert Sloman, English actor and journalist (d. 2005)
• 1927 – Don Bagley, American bassist (d. 2012)
• 1927 – Kurt Masur, Polish-German conductor
• 1928 – Andrea Gallo, Italian priest (d. 2013)
• 1928 – Franca Rame, Italian actress and playwright (d. 2013)
• 1929 – Dick Button, American figure skater
• 1929 – Screamin' Jay Hawkins, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (d. 2000)
• 1930 – Burt Kwouk, English actor
• 1932 – Robert Ellis Miller, American director
• 1932 – Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Russian poet and playwright
• 1933 – Syd Mead, American set designer
• 1933 – Jean Yanne, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
• 1934 – Darlene Conley, American actress (d. 2007)
• 1934 – Roger Reynolds, American composer and educator
• 1935 – Jayendra Saraswathi, Indian guru, 69th Shankaracharya
• 1936 – Ted Harris, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1937 – Roald Hoffmann, Polish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1937 – Hunter S. Thompson, American journalist and author (d. 2005)
• 1938 – Ian Stewart, Scottish keyboard player (The Rolling Stones and Rocket 88) (d. 1985)
• 1938 – Paul Verhoeven, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1939 – Brian Auger, English keyboard player (Brian Auger and the Trinity, CAB, and The Steampacket)
• 1939 – Dion DiMucci, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Dion and the Belmonts)
• 1939 – Edward Gramlich, American economist and educator (d. 2007)
• 1939 – Jerry Moore, American football player and coach
• 1940 – James Brolin, American actor, director, and producer
• 1940 – Joe Torre, American baseball player and manager
• 1941 – Frank Farian, German songwriter and producer
• 1941 – Lonnie Mack, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1941 – Martha Reeves, American singer, actress, and politician (Martha and the Vandellas and The Fascinations)
• 1942 – Adolf Ogi, Swiss politician, 84th President of the Swiss Confederation
• 1942 – Bobby Susser, American songwriter and producer
• 1942 – Giacinto Facchetti, Italian footballer (d. 2006)
• 1943 – Joseph J. Ellis, American historian and author
• 1944 – David Hemery, English hurdler
• 1946 – Leo Madder, Belgian actor and director
• 1946 – Doug McFarland, American politician and academic
• 1947 – Steve Forbes, American publisher and politician
• 1947 – Steve Mahoney, Canadian politician
• 1948 – Carlos Colón, Sr., Puerto Rican wrestler
• 1948 – Hartmut Michel, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1949 – Dennis Lillee, Australian cricketer
• 1950 – Jerome Barkum, American football player
• 1950 – Richard Branson, English businessman, founded Virgin Group
• 1950 – Kostas Eleftherakis, Greek footballer
• 1950 – Glenn Hughes, American singer, dancer, and actor (Village People) (d. 2001)
• 1950 – Jack Layton, Canadian politician (d. 2011)
• 1950 – Mark Udall, American politician
• 1951 – Elio Di Rupo, Belgian politician, 68th Prime Minister of Belgium
• 1951 – Margo Martindale, American actress
• 1953 – Warren Wiebe, American singer (d. 1998)
• 1954 – Ricky Skaggs, American singer-songwriter, mandolin player, and producer (New South)
• 1954 – Tiit Trummal, Estonian architect
• 1955 – Terry Chambers, English drummer (XTC and Dragon)
• 1955 – Bernd Fasching, Austrian painter and sculptor
• 1956 – Razor Shines, American baseball player, manager, and coach
• 1957 – Nick Faldo, English golfer
• 1957 – Keith Levene, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (Public Image Ltd, The Flowers of Romance, and The Clash)
• 1959 – Pauline Quirke, English actress
• 1960 – Anne-Marie Johnson, American actress
• 1961 – M.J. Alexander, American author and photographer
• 1961 – Elizabeth McGovern, American actress
• 1961 – Alan Pardew, English football player and manager
• 1961 – Pasi Rautiainen, Finnish football player, coach and manager
• 1962 – Lee Arenberg, American actor
• 1962 – Jensen Buchanan, American actress
• 1962 – Jack Irons, American drummer (Spinnerette, What Is This?, The Wallflowers, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Pearl Jam, and Eleven)
• 1962 – Shaun Micallef, Australian comedian, actor, screenwriter, and producer
• 1963 – Marc Girardelli, Austrian skier
• 1963 – Mike Greenwell, American baseball player
• 1963 – Al Snow, American wrestler and actor
• 1963 – Martín Torrijos, Panamanian politician, 35th President of Panama
• 1964 – Wendy Williams, American talk show host, actress, and author
• 1965 – Jim Bob Duggar, American real estate agent, author, and politician
• 1965 – Vesselina Kasarova, Bulgarian soprano
• 1966 – Lori Alan, American actress
• 1966 – Dan O'Brien, American decathlete
• 1967 – Vin Diesel, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1968 – Grant Bowler, New Zealand-Australian actor
• 1968 – Alex Désert, Haitian-American actor and singer (Hepcat)
• 1969 – Elizabeth Gilbert, American author
• 1969 – Great Sasuke, Japanese wrestler and politician
• 1970 – Cheryl Casone, American journalist
• 1971 – Penny Hardaway, American basketball player
• 1971 – Sarah McLeod, New Zealand actress
• 1973 – Jasse Jalonen, Finnish footballer
• 1974 – Alan Morrison, English poet
• 1975 – M.I.A., English rapper and producer
• 1975 – Torii Hunter, American baseball player
• 1975 – Daron Malakian, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (System of a Down and Scars on Broadway)
• 1976 – Valerie Cruz, American actress
• 1976 – Elsa Pataky, Spanish-American actress
• 1977 – Dylan Lane, American game show host
• 1977 – Alexander Morozevich, Russian chess player
• 1977 – Kelly Reilly, English actress
• 1977 – Alfian Sa'at, Singaporean poet and playwright
• 1978 – Shane Horgan, Irish rugby player
• 1978 – Annie Mac, Irish radio and television host
• 1978 – Verónica Romeo, Spanish singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1978 – Ben Sheets, American baseball player
• 1978 – Mélissa Theuriau, French journalist
• 1978 – Adabel Guerrero, Argentine burlesque dancer, actress, and supervedette
• 1979 – Adam Birch, American wrestler
• 1979 – Deion Branch, American football player
• 1979 – Jared Hess, American director and screenwriter
• 1979 – Jason Weaver, American actor and singer
• 1980 – Kristen Bell, American actress, singer, and producer
• 1980 – Ryōko Hirosue, Japanese actress and singer
• 1981 – Dennis Seidenberg, German ice hockey player
• 1982 – Ryan Cabrera, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1982 – Priyanka Chopra, Indian model, actress, and singer, Miss World 2000
• 1982 – Dominika Luzarová, Czech tennis player
• 1983 – Carlos Diogo, Uruguayan footballer
• 1983 – Aaron Gillespie, American singer-songwriter and drummer (Underoath and The Almost)
• 1983 – Mikk Pahapill, Estonian decathlete
• 1983 – Jan Schlaudraff, German footballer
• 1984 – Allen Craig, American baseball player
• 1984 – Lee Barnard, English footballer
• 1985 – Hopsin, American rapper, producer, and actor
• 1985 – Chace Crawford, American actor
• 1985 – Panagiotis Lagos, Greek footballer
• 1986 – Deniss Karpak, Estonian sailor
• 1986 – Natalia Mikhailova, Russian ice dancer
• 1988 – Änis Ben-Hatira, German-Tunisian footballer
• 1988 – Sofia Kvatsabaia, Georgian tennis player
• 1988 – César Villaluz, Mexican footballer
• 1989 – Jamie Benn, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1989 – Sebastian Mielitz, German footballer
• 1989 – Yohan Mollo, French footballer
• 1991 – Karina Pasian, American singer and pianist
• 1993 – Lee Taemin, South Korean singer, dancer, and actor (Shinee)

Deaths

• 707 – Monmu, Japanese emperor (b. 683)
• 715 – Muhammad bin Qasim, Umayyad general (b. 695)
• 912 – Zhu Wen, Emperor Taizu of Later Liang (b. 852)
• 1100 – Godfrey of Bouillon, Frankish knight (b. 1016)
• 1300 – Gerard Segarelli, Italian religious leader, founded the Apostolic Brethren (b. 1240)
• 1566 – Bartolomé de las Casas, Spanish bishop (b. 1484)
• 1591 – Jacobus Gallus, Slovenian composer (b. 1550)
• 1608 – Joachim III Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1546)
• 1610 – Caravaggio, Italian painter (b. 1573)
• 1639 – Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, German general (b. 1604)
• 1695 – Johannes Camphuys, Dutch politician, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1634)
• 1698 – Johann Heinrich Heidegger, Swiss theologian (b. 1633)
• 1721 – Antoine Watteau, French painter (b. 1684)
• 1730 – François de Neufville, duc de Villeroi, French soldier (b. 1644)
• 1756 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch poet and playwright (b. 1683)
• 1792 – John Paul Jones, American admiral (b. 1747)
• 1817 – Jane Austen, English author (b. 1775)
• 1863 – Robert Gould Shaw, American colonel (b. 1837)
• 1872 – Benito Juárez, Mexican lawyer and politician, 26th President of Mexico (b. 1806)
• 1884 – Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist (b. 1829)
• 1892 – Thomas Cook, English travel agent, founded the Thomas Cook Group (b. 1808)
• 1899 – Horatio Alger, Jr., American author (b. 1832)
• 1916 – Benjamin C. Truman, American journalist and author (b. 1835)
• 1918 – Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1864)
• 1925 – Louis-Nazaire Bégin, Canadian cardinal (b. 1840)
• 1932 – Jean Jules Jusserand, French author and diplomat (b. 1855)
• 1937 – Julian Bell, English poet (b. 1908)
• 1938 – Marie of Romania (b. 1875)
• 1944 – Thomas Sturge Moore, English poet and author (b. 1870)
• 1947 – Heiti Talvik, Estonian poet (b. 1904)
• 1947 – Evald Tipner, Estonian football, ice hockey and bandy player (b. 1906)
• 1948 – Herman Gummerus, Finnish historian and politician (b. 1877)
• 1949 – Vítězslav Novák, Czech composer (b. 1870)
• 1950 – Carl Clinton Van Doren, American author and critic (b. 1885)
• 1952 – Jack Earle, American actor (b. 1906)
• 1952 – Paul Saintenoy, Belgian architect (b. 1862)
• 1953 – Lucy Booth, English-Swedish daughter of William and Catherine Booth (b. 1868)
• 1954 – Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (b. 1895)
• 1966 – Bobby Fuller, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Bobby Fuller Four) (b. 1942)
• 1968 – Corneille Heymans, Belgian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
• 1968 – Manfred Toeppen, American water polo player (b. 1887)
• 1969 – Mary Jo Kopechne, American educator and secretary (b. 1940)
• 1973 – Jack Hawkins, English actor (b. 1910)
• 1975 – Vaughn Bodē, American illustrator (b. 1941)
• 1982 – Lionel Daunais, Canadian singer-songwriter (b. 1902)
• 1984 – Lally Bowers English actress and singer (b. 1914)
• 1984 – Grigori Kromanov, Estonian director (b. 1926)
• 1985 – Shahnawaz Bhutto, Pakistani son of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (b. 1958)
• 1985 – Louisa Ghijs, Belgian actress (b. 1902)
• 1988 – Nico, German singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and actress (b. 1938)
• 1988 – Joly Braga Santos, Portuguese composer and conductor (b. 1924)
• 1989 – Donnie Moore, American baseball player (b. 1954)
• 1989 – Marika Nezer, Greek actress (b. 1906)
• 1989 – Rebecca Schaeffer, American actress (b. 1967)
• 1990 – Yoon Boseon, South Korean politician and activist, 4th President of South Korea (b. 1897)
• 1990 – Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist (b. 1896)
• 1990 – Gerry Boulet, Canadian singer-songwriter (Offenbach) (b. 1946)
• 1990 – Johnny Wayne, Canadian actor and screenwriter (b. 1918)
• 1995 – Srinagarindra, Thai wife of Mahidol Adulyadej (b. 1900)
• 1995 – Fabio Casartelli, Italian cyclist (b. 1970)
• 1997 – Eugene Merle Shoemaker, American geologist (b. 1928)
• 1999 – Meir Ariel, Israeli singer-songwriter (b. 1942)
• 2001 – Mimi Fariña, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1945)
• 2001 – James Hatfield, American author (b. 1958)
• 2001 – Fabio Taglioni, Italian engineer (b. 1920)
• 2002 – Victor Emery, English physicist (b. 1933)
• 2002 – Louis Laberge, Canadian union leader (b. 1924)
• 2004 – André Castelot, Belgian-French historian and author (b. 1911)
• 2004 – Paul Foot, Israeli-English journalist (b. 1937)
• 2004 – Émile Peynaud, French wine maker (b. 1912)
• 2005 – William Westmoreland, American general (b. 1914)
• 2005 – Bill Hicke, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1938)
• 2007 – Jerry Hadley, American tenor (b. 1952)
• 2007 – John Kronus, American wrestler (b. 1969)
• 2007 – Kenji Miyamoto, Japanese politician (b. 1908)
• 2008 – Khosrow Shakibai, Iranian actor (b. 1944)
• 2009 – Henry Allingham, English soldier (b. 1896)
• 2009 – Jill Balcon, English actress (b. 1925)
• 2011 – Georgess McHargue, American author and poet (b. 1941)
• 2012 – Robert Creamer, American journalist (b. 1922)
• 2012 – Yosef Shalom Eliashiv, Lithuanian-Israeli rabbi (b. 1910)
• 2012 – Jean François-Poncet, French politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for France (b. 1928)
• 2012 – Rajesh Khanna, Indian actor, producer, politician (b. 1942)
• 2012 – Seppo Liitsola, Finnish ice hockey player and coach (b. 1933)
• 2012 – Pancho Martin, Cuban-American horse trainer (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Jack Matthews, Welsh rugby player and physician (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Dawoud Rajiha, Syrian general and politician, Minister of Defense for Syria (b. 1947)
• 2012 – Assef Shawkat, Syrian general and politician (b. 1950)
• 2012 – Hasan Turkmani, Syrian general and politician (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Vaali, Indian poet, songwriter, and actor (b. 1931)
• 2013 – Olivier Ameisen, French-American cardiologist and educator (b. 1953)
• 2013 – John R. Deane, Jr., American general (b. 1919)
• 2013 – Abdul Razak Abdul Hamid, Malaysian academic (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Francis X. Kane, American colonel and engineer (b. 1918)
• 2013 – Willie Louis, American witness in the Emmett Till murder trial (b. 1937)
• 2013 – John H. Moore II, American lawyer and judge (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Samar Mukherjee, Indian politician (b. 1913)
• 2013 – Vaughn Ross, American murderer (b. 1971)
• 2013 – Norman Sillman, English-Australian sculptor (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Arnulf of Metz
  • Camillus de Lellis (optional memorial, United States only)
  • Frederick of Utrecht
  • Marina of Aguas Santas
  • Symphorosa
  • Teneu
  • Elizabeth Ferard (Church of England)
  • Bartolomé de las Casas (Episcopal Church (USA))
  • July 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Constitution Day (Uruguay)
• Nelson Mandela International Day

External links

bbctoday